Day+3

==== Facing unprecedented challenges from the West, Chinese rulers and people had to make dramatic and painful changes in the three phases: the Self-Strengthening Movement with focus on introduction of Western technology, weaponry and industry; institutional transformation including top-down political reform and Sun Yet-sen’s （孙中山）bottom-up revolution, which led to the collapse of the Qing Dynasty; and the New Cultural Movement to welcome Mr. Science and Mr. Democracy at the cost of Confucianism. ====

**Objectives**:
The participants are able to: understand why Emperor Guangxu was determined to launch a top-down political reform at the cost of privileged ruling class. understand why Sun Yet-sen decided to overthrow the rule of Manchus.

Why did Emperor Guangxu （光绪） want to have a political reform? What are differences between the One Hundred Day reform and Sun’s revolution? What are the differences between China’s responses to the West in these three steps? What are the consequences of China’s criticism of Confucianism and worship of Western democracy and science?
 * Questions ** :

**PPT**：
 * Reading ** : Chapter 11 and 14, 15, 21

[[file:China's response toward the West from 1840 to Early 20th Century.ppt]]
1. Elegy of the River 2. The Road To Rejuvenation (复兴之路）
 * Movie ** :